Those little connectors, that are so important in Spanish: le gustaria apuntar que hay muchas recursos aprender aqui

Es importante practicar esta tema para llegar ser competente en los conectivos del idioma Español. When you want to move from one theme to another in spanish or from one focus to another without wanting the "clunk" between themes, because you want a smooth transition between subjects. Well then, you need a connector:-

Para demostrar contraste o cambio de idea:

por el contrario
sin embargo
al mismo tiempo
en contraste
por otro lado
en tanto que
de otro modo
a pesar de (que)
al contrario
de otra manera
aunque

Para demostrar adición o complemento de una idea:

también
lo siguiente
seguidamente
de igual importancia
de la misma manera
igualmente
además
por otra parte
del mismo modo

Para enfatizar un tema en específico:

especialmente
un ejemplo
por ejemplo
en el caso de
en particular

Para demostrar resultado:

en consecuencia
obviamente
de tal manera que
por esta razón
evidentemente
en cualquier caso
por consiguiente
además
como resultado de
de hecho

Para reforzar una idea:

básicamente
sin duda
alguna
esencialmente
primeramente
verdaderamente
antes que nada
indiscutiblemente

Para evidenciar tiempo:

inmediatamente después
tan pronto como a más tardar
posteriormente antes de
previamente

También existen conectores como:
y, excepto, o, no, aún, para, así

Interrogative Pronouns (pronombres interrogativos)

Interrogative Pronouns

Interrogative pronouns,  can be variable or invariable. Take a look:

Invariables: qué (what/which) – cuándo (when) – cómo (how) – dónde (where)
Variables: cuál – cuáles (which one/s) – quién – quiénes (who) – cuánto/a – cuántos/as (how much/many)

Here are some examples of how they’re used:

Qué + verb

¿Qué haces aquí? (What are you doing here?)
¿A qué viniste? (What did you come here for?)
¿Qué les habrá pasado? (What ever happened to them?)

Qué + noun

¿Qué película te gustó más? (Which film did you like better?)
¿Con qué auto vas a viajar? (Which car are you going to travel with?)
¿A qué personaje te refieres? (Which character are you talking about?)

Cuál(es) + noun

¿Cuál torta prefieres? ¿La de chocolate o la de nueces? (Which pie do you prefer? The chocolate one or the walnut one?)
¿Cuáles blusas están en rebaja? (Which blouses are on sale?)

Cuál(es) + de + pronoun/noun

¿Cuál de estos zapatos calzó mejor? (Which of these shoes fit best?)
¿Cuáles de los libros infantiles vas a llevar? (Which of the children’s books are you going to take?)

Cuál(es) + verb

¿Cuál(es) vas a llevar? (Which ones are you going to take?)
¿Cuál quieres? (Which one do you want?)

Qué / Cuál(es) + verb ser

¿Qué es de tu vida, hombre? (What have you been up to, man?)
¿Qué es eso? (What’s that?)
¿Cuál es tu hermano? (Which one is your brother?)
¿Cuáles son tus dudas? (What are your questions/doubts?)

Cuándo / Cómo / Dónde / Quién(es) + verb/pronoun

¿Cuándo llegaron? (When did they arrive?)
¿Cómo te sientes? (How do you feel?)
¿Dónde está tu cartera? (Where’s your purse?)
¿A dónde piensas ir este fin de semana? (Where are you thinking of going this weekend?)
¿Por dónde anduviste? (Where have you been?)
¿Quién dijo eso? (Who said that?)
¿Quiénes están listos para salir? (Who’s ready to leave?)

Nota

In an interrogative sentence, adonde has a written accent: ¿adónde vas?, where are you going?

¿A dónde van los chicos? (Where are the kids going?)
¿A dónde llevan al Sr. Juan? (Where are they taking Mr. Juan?)
¿Dónde metiste mis llaves? (Where did you put my keys?)
¿Dónde hay un teléfono? (Where is there a telephone?)

Pronouns and the RID rule

 RID  order                  
when you have two object pronouns in a sentence, these pronouns always appear in the RID order. And because two is the maximum number of pronouns that can appear together, the possible combinations are

RD – reflexive – direct
me lo compro  - I buy it for myself
¿Tu pelo es magnifico. te lo lavas mucho?

ID – indirect – direct
Yo te la escribo - I write it to you
Ella me las vende – she sells them to me

La La Rule       
When both the direct and indirect objects are in the third person, regardless of gender and number, both pronouns will begin with 'L'; so change the indirect object (the first one) to “se”.
consider the sentence - “I give it to him” - this would become
“Yo le lo doy”, so we change this to “Yo se lo doy”.
negation(1 verb)  put the no or the negation word before first pronoun.
When sentence has 2 verbs, there are 2 options
Quiero dartelo
te lo quiero dar
negation (2 verbs)
no quiero dartelo
no te lo quiero dar.

=============================================================

Direct Object Pronouns       

what does John have?  (What)
whom does John see? (Whom)
me, te, lo/la, nos, os, los/las

He has the book             the book = direct object           
John sees Mary (her)      mary = direct object

John lo tiene                   lo = direct object
John la ve                       la = direct object

Negation (with one verb)
Yo      no       lo      sé
         nunca   lo      estudiáis
            |          |        |
     neg word    |        |_ conjugated verb
                       |
                 direct object

Two verbs then two options
1)  te                    quiero                        ver    
      |                         |                              |
  direct object   conjugated verb        infinitive

2)  quiero                    verte
        |                            |
  conjugated verb        infinitive+direct object     
                              
Negation with two verbs
1) no                           lo           tengo que         leer
 negation word   direct object   conj verb      infinitive

2) no tengo que leerlo

=============================================================

Indirect Object Pronouns         
To Whom (or) For Whom
me, te, le, nos, os, se
            |                  |______(them, you)
            |_ (him, her, you, it)

DO = direct object     IO = indirect object





He buys me flowers (he buys flowers for me)
                                                   |_DO     |_IO
In a sentence with an indirect object there is always a direct object either stated or implied.
           My Gradmother writes me every week
                                         |      |
she writes(DO) something_|      |_ to me (IO)
           
the direct object is understood to be a letter, postcard, or note
with one verb, IO before conjugated verb
Juan me compra un libro

With two verbs there are two options
1) before the first conjugated verb
    él me quiere dar un regalo
2) on the end of the infinitive of the second verb
    él quiere darme un regalo

Negation
1) after negation and before verb
    él no me trae nada
2) on the end of the infinitive of second verb
   él nunca quiere traerme nada
============================================================= 

Reflexive Object Pronouns                  
me (myself)
te (yourself)
se (himself / herself / itself)
nos (ourselves)

os (yourselves)
se (themselves)

The action of the verb is to self

me lavo el pelo cada dia
I wash  my hair every day
Nearly all verbs can be made reflexive, there is no magic trick !  If the action is to self then it is reflective.

Preposition + Infinitive with Reflexive Pronouns
verbs following a preposition must be in the infinitive, with reflexive verbs the infinitive remains untouched and  the reflexive pronoun is added to the end of the infinitive to agree with the understood subject

Yo leo antes de acostarme
                  |              |     |__(reflexive pronoun on the end of the verb)
          preposition      |
                              infinitive

                                             infinitive
                                                   |
antes de dormirte, tú necesitas lavarte
       |            |     |                              |
       |            |     |_______________|__(reflexive pronoun)
preposition   |
                infinitive

Christmas in Spain

January 6 is virtually as important as Christmas itself, especially for kids, as this is the day when they get their presents. The fun starts the evening before, when the three kings lead their procession through the streets, throwing sweets to the children. The next morning, the children wake up to find their presents have been left overnight (rumors that Santa moonlights as the Three Kings when times are hard are unfounded).

The Run-up to Christmas in Spain

Christmas in Spain is quite a treat - the action gears up in mid-December and doesn't stop until January 6. There is the giant multi-billion euro lottery, splendid nativity scenes, lots of great food and one of the biggest New Year's Eve celebrations you are likely to see. As is the case throughout most of the Western world, Christmas first starts to rear its ugly head earlier and earlier each year. Traditional sweets such as turron and marzipan appeared in supermarkets in late October. However, apart from this, little takes place until December.

There are events taking place all over Spain in the run up to Christmas. Here are some of the more important pre-Christmas events. Read more on Spanish Festivals in December.

• December 7-8 - Inmaculada. Christmas starts here. Inmaculada is the Patron Saint of Seville, where musical groups from the university, known as 'los tunos', gather around the statue of the Virgin Immaculada in the Plaza del Triunfo (behind the cathedral) in traditional dress and sing songs. On the morning of the 8th children dance the Danza de los Seises (Dance of the Sixes) in the square. An event for the whole family.
• December 13 - El Dia de Santa Lucia, patron saint of the blind. Traditionally the blind sing christmas carols in the streets, although this is less common in modern times.
• December 21 - the shortest day of the year is celebrated in Granada and nearby Jaen by jumping through bonfires for the fiesta of Hogueras. Where I am from, we are taught that children shouldn't play with fire, however in these parts it is said to keep illness away.
• December 22 - El Gordo, the massive Spanish lottery, is drawn. This lottery is so big, they start selling tickets in August!

Day-by-Day Guide to Christmas & New Year in Spain

Christmas Eve ('Noche Buena')

Christmas Eve is a family affair. Most bars will be closed and there won't be many restaurants open. If you can get yourself invited to a family then accept, but you're more likely to be offered their youngest daughter's hand in marriage than get an invitation to this most sacred of family events.
Proceedings are interrupted at midnight by the chimes of the local church, calling worshippers to the 'misa del gallo' (Mass of the Rooster), so named because it is said that a rooster crowded on the night Jesus was born.
The biggest 'misa del gallo' is at the Benedictine monastery at Montserrat near Barcelona.
Adults exchange gifts in Christmas Eve and kids will often get a little something, but the young 'uns have to wait until January 6 for that new Playstation.

Christmas Day ('Navidad')

Traditionally also a family day - couples will normally spend Christmas Eve with one set of parents and Christmas Day with the other.
However, in recent years more and more people have started eating in restaurants on Christmas Day. Restaurants advertise their Christmas menu well in advance. It is usually possible to book until quite late, but at least give them a chance to book the ingredients! To guarantee your place, the morning of the 24th is probably about as late as you can leave it.
By the evening of the 25th, most shops and bars are open again and these days more and more youths have started going out on the town.

Santos Inocentes

Spain's version of April Fools' Day. People stick paper cut-outs of little men, or Monigote to people's backs.

New Year's Eve ('Noche Vieja')

A party night like everywhere else in the world, though the structure is a little different to in other countries - remember you have to think in Spanish time! Rather than starting early and building to a crescendo at midnight, the Spanish see in the new year sober (well, nearly sober), either with friends or with family, and then go out to the bars at about 12.30. The partying then continues until about 6am (if you fancy an early night) or much, much later, if you don't!
There is an 'ancient' tradition, started by some shrewd farmers about 100 years ago when they were left with too many grapes, of eating twelve grapes at the twelve bongs of midnight. This is a fun ritual, only spoiled by the fact that it is almost impossible to buy seedless grapes in Spain - in the rush to chomp down the dozen grapes, everyone ends up biting into a seed and pulling a silly face. A word of advice - there are four higher-pitched chimes just before the main ones at midnight (known as 'los cuatros') that announce the start of the real ones - make sure you don't start eating your grapes. It catches people out each year - one year a television presenter made fatal error! For every grape you get right, you will get a month's good luck.

 

 

 

Three Kings Day (Epiphany)

('El Dia de los Reyes')

Everyone also eats Roscón, a sweet, donut-shaped bread (though much bigger than a donut) covered in glacier cherries and sugar. A plastic toy is buried inside the mixture, so don't dive in too quickly. He or she who finds the toy gets good luck for the next year (double the luck if they also ate the grapes on New Year's Eve!)
thanks to http://www.spain-recipes.com
http://www.spain-recipes.com/typical-spanish-christmas-menu.html